The production, handling and transportation of DEF are governed by the Environmental Protection Agency through its ISO 22241 standard. It is said that owners of SCR vehicles experience greater reliability, longer oil change intervals, and cheaper operating costs over the life of the vehicle. The DEF is sprayed into the exhaust as an after-treatment process which means that it destroys harmful emissions after combustion, thus giving manufacturers the ability to tune engines to improve fuel efficiency and increase power. The trucking industry, particularly the manufacturers of heavy-duty diesel engines, began to meet EPA standards by redesigning engines with a selective catalytic reduction technology. How Is DEF Implemented in Diesel Engines? That should settle that don’t pee into your DEF tank unless you would like to expend several thousand dollars in repairs to your vehicle. This urea contains, 0.3 percent Biuret maximum, 0.5 jpercent magnesium max, 0.5 percent calcium max, 0.5 percent phosphate max, 0.5 percent iron max, and 0.5 percent potassium maximum." On the other hand, "Diesel Exhaust Fluid uses automotive grade urea, at 32.5 percent concentration. "Human urine is an aqueous solution of greater than 95 percent water, with the remaining constituents, in order of decreasing concentration urea 9.3 grams/L, chloride 1.87 grams/L, sodium 1.17 grams/L, potassium 0.750 grams/L, creatinine 0.670 grams/L and other dissolved ions, inorganic and organic compounds." The water also must be of an exact quality. While urea definitely is a component of both urine and DEF, the manufacture of DEF is done under exacting conditions making sure the urea is pure and free of contamination, and of the right ratio to the deionized water. Some even took it to the "logical" extreme of suggesting that all an enterprising truck driver had to do was pee into his DEF tank. In the early days of DEF use there was talk that because DEF contains urea, and because urine contains urea it was only logical that DEF was made up of horse urine … or cat urine, or pig urine, you get the picture. The end result is a much cleaner diesel exhaust. These two gases meet with the diesel exhaust and chemically bond with the nitrogen oxides, thus resulting in nitrogen and water exiting the tailpipe. The way it works is that the fluid, an organic compound comprising urea and deionized water, is mixed with the hot gases that follow diesel combustion, breaking DEF down into ammonia and carbon dioxide. How DEF WorksĭEF is not a fuel additive, and has no influence on the tuning and efficiency of diesel engines. The urea component is an organic compound made up of nitrogen, hydrogen, carbon and oxygen. It is composed of urea and deionized water. It was mandated to come into use beginning with 2010-manufactured engines.ĭEF is a clear, colorless, non-hazardous liquid looking exactly like water but that has a slight odor of ammonia. Environmental Protection Agency standards requiring all medium and heavy-duty diesel vehicles to significantly reduce engine emissions, particularly nitrous oxide as well as particulate matter. DEF, an acronym for Diesel Exhaust Fluid, is the trucking industry’s response to U.S.
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